THE CAMINO

in a Few Words

THE BOOK

Biography of a Run Away Slave

by Miguel Barnet (1966)

In 1963, a young, blonde, and irrepressible Miguel Barnet, recently graduated in Anthropology from the Universidad de la Habana, worked at the Academia de Ciencias, the Cuban equivalent of the National Science Foundation in the U.S. Miguel was working with a team of researchers exploring the slave quarters of ancient Cuban sugar mills; los barracones azucareros.

“We would go down into barracones around Matanzas, I remember. Looking at the ventilation; at the inhuman conditions. The research was very depressing. To see, to feel how people were treated, how slaves lived, was very depressing.”
One day heading home on the bus, Miguel read in the newspaper a series of interviews which changed his life forever. The special coverage formed part of a series highlighting Cuban men and women who had celebrated their 100thbirthdays. One of these stories jumped out at him. It was the story of a man by the name of Esteban Montejo, a man whose life story immediately struck Miguel as deserving of great attention. Not only had Esteban been a slave back in the day when that was the lot for most black men in Cuba, but, moreover, he had been a cimarrón, a runaway slave. A slave who decided to leave the cruel but predictable conditions of the slave-driven sugar plantation and take the chance of surviving as a free yet always-hunted man without a place to call home.

“This man’s picture looked back at me from the pages of the paper,” Miguel remembered. “I was transfixed. What a marvelous individual! I said to myself. I could not get him out of my head. So, I went to visit him.” A few days after reading the story, Miguel took a bus to La Casa de los Veteranos, a home for elderly veterans of the Cuban armed forces. The first meeting was awkward. Neither man felt comfortable with the other, but each sensed a vague purpose fueled by curiosity.    Miguel tried to explain the circumstances leading to this fateful encounter. Esteban listened and politely answered questions.

The first meeting led to a second and the second to a third. The interviews continued, focusing on Esteban’s experiences. How did you live? What did you think? Who did you meet? Miguel would ask and then fact checked the answers with experts who might know something of the period and of the regions where Esteban roamed. The days of discussion stretched into months and then into years. For over two years Miguel and Esteban met at the Casa de los Veteranos, sometimes under a palm tree that still stands on its grounds.  Miguel recorded all the interviews on an unwieldy tape recorder of industrial dimensions borrowed from his day job at the Academia de Ciencias and which he lugged daily to and from the Casas de los Veteranos on the bus. “He was a very humble man. He did not think that his life was that special. Finally, one day I said to him, Esteban, there are thousands like you, people who have not had a voice to express the value of their lives. I want to be that voice for you. He loosened up after that.”

He did not expect the memory of a one hundred and three-year-old man to be flawless but the impassioned and detailed conversations convinced Miguel that this was a story worth telling. That this was a life worth remembering. Here was a man, Miguel would write in the first edition of the book, who was “an authentic actor in the process of history in Cuba.” This was a man whose life story was like a living metaphor which captured the development of Cuban identity and the interminable struggle for freedom, whatever that means. At the time of its publication in 1966, Biografía de un Cimarrón (Biography of a Run Away Slave) was as much a political statement as an anthropological or literary one.  In literary circles, the work set the standard for the testimonial novel, a genre which empowers those whose stories had traditionally been told by others. As a work of ethnographic anthropology, the life of Esteban made clear how slavery and freedom from slavery presented equally challenging threats to survival for a Cuban of African descent. Politically, the book provided a narrative, in the voice of the previously powerless. Biografía de un Cimarrón is the most published Cuban book of all times. As Graham Greene said, “There has been no book like this before and it is unlikely that there ever will be another like it.”

    The Project

    The development of the Camino into a cultural trail has become a project of a handful of individuals committed to providing an opportunity for travelers and hikers to experience a Cuba which few tourists get to experience. Traveling the Camino embeds the traveler in Cuban history and how it continues to shape Cuban contemporary reality.

    An Extraordinary Experience

    Traveling the trail, on foot, bicycle or as part of a tour will provide intrepid traveler a truly unique experience. We are committed exposing travelers to small town Cuba with its hidden talents and unexplored charms. The traveler will walk through Cuban history and experience the warmth, appreciation and indominable spirit of Cubans who live a different life than those in Havana, Varadero and the other tourist meccas of the island. El Camino del Cimarrón is Cuba.

    Promoting Local Cultural and Economic Development

    We are also committed to contributing to the economic development of the small communities which are far removed from the typical tourist routes. Communities along the Camino will benefit from the flow of hikers and other travelers.

    Research on the economic impact of long-distance cultural trails provide ample evidence that the creation of these types of “slow tourism” alternatives have a significant impact on communities. In fact, the smaller the community, the greater the impact.

    Long distance hiking trails have a transformative power. By connecting communities with each other for a common purpose, long distance trails provide a new dimension on which personal and institutional networks can develop. By connecting the communities with the hikers and travelers, the trails fuel tourism and economic development as well as contributing to the protection of the environment and promoting local culture.

    Our goal is to make known the talents and charms of small-town Cuba along a trail that commemorates the creation of the Cuban nation and the search for freedom and independence of all Cubans.

    PARTNERS AND CREATORS

    guillermo grenier

    Caminante and sociologist.

    Miguel barnet

    Poet, novelist, anthropologist.

    Daiquirí Tours

    Creator of unique and memorable trips for travelers around the world for almost two decades.

    CUBA FUNDATION

    The Cuba Foundation is a platform that promotes and facilitates sustainable development projects.

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